On this day in 1816 Charlotte and Leopold got married. Here are the posts describing the event
Picture: 1818 engraving of the 1816 marriage between Princess Charlotte of Wales and Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
,On this day in 1816 Charlotte and Leopold got married. Here are the posts describing the event
Picture: 1818 engraving of the 1816 marriage between Princess Charlotte of Wales and Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
,Posted in Marriage and Death (1814 - 1817)
Tagged alexander I tsar of russia, augusta of the united kingdom, augusta of the united kingdom daughter of george III, buckingham house (palace), carlton house, charles manners-sutton archbishop of canterbury, charlotte of mecklenburg-strelitz (queen of the united kingdom), charlotte&leopold, clarence house, edward duke of kent, elizabeth of the united kingdom(landgravine of hesse-homburg), frederica charlotte of prussia duchess of york and albany, frederick duke of york, george IV (prince of wales and prince regent), george keith elphinstone 1st viscount keith, james chambers, mary duchess of gloucester and edinburgh, mrs alicia campbell, oatlands, pall mall, prince leopold of saxe-coburg-gotha (later king of the belgians), princess charlotte of wales, princess dorothea von lieven née benckendorff, prinny's daughter: a biography of princess charlotte of wales, sophia of the united kingdom, st.james palace, the hon.margaret mercer elphinstone, the tower of london, thea holme, william howley bishop of london, william IV king of the united kingdom (duke of clarence)
On this day in 1816 Charlotte and Leopold got married. Here are the posts describing the event
Picture: 1818 engraving of the 1816 marriage between Princess Charlotte of Wales and Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
,Posted in Marriage and Death (1814 - 1817)
Tagged alexander I tsar of russia, augusta of the united kingdom, augusta of the united kingdom daughter of george III, buckingham house (palace), carlton house, charles manners-sutton archbishop of canterbury, charlotte of mecklenburg-strelitz (queen of the united kingdom), charlotte&leopold, clarence house, edward duke of kent, elizabeth of the united kingdom(landgravine of hesse-homburg), frederica charlotte of prussia duchess of york and albany, frederick duke of york, george IV (prince of wales and prince regent), george keith elphinstone 1st viscount keith, james chambers, mary duchess of gloucester and edinburgh, mrs alicia campbell, oatlands, pall mall, prince leopold of saxe-coburg-gotha (later king of the belgians), princess charlotte of wales, princess dorothea von lieven née benckendorff, prinny's daughter: a biography of princess charlotte of wales, sophia of the united kingdom, st.james palace, the hon.margaret mercer elphinstone, the tower of london, thea holme, william howley bishop of london, william IV king of the united kingdom (duke of clarence)
From this highly-dramatic atmosphere the calm of Claremont seemed far removed. Charlotte, who from time to time received a hint of her mother’s way of life, tried to obtain first-hand news of her. She begged Lady Charlotte Bury, who kept up with the Princess, to ask her to write. That she wrote herself is certain: and, surprisingly, Leopold approved of her doing so. ‘I heard from my daughter de oder day,’ the Princess of Wales is quoted as writing (the spelling is Lady Charlotte’s). ‘She expect to be confined in November.’ From this announcement, the letter must have been written in the spring or early summer of 1817.
On April 30, 1817, Prince Leopold arrived in his travelling carriage at Carlton House. For once, he was without Princess Charlotte, because she was in an interesting condition, and he was come to bring the happy news to the Prince Regent.
Charlotte was in radiant health, and all through the summer was able to keep up her social activities. On May 2, the anniversary of their wedding, the Coburgs gave a party, to which they invited the Duke and Duchess of York, the Castlereaghs and Lievens, the celebrated Marquis of Anglesey who had lost a leg at Waterloo – and Miss Mercer Elphinstone. Alas, the friendship had foundered. Mercer’s politics, since her intimacy with the Comte de Flahaut, were alarmingly Jacobinical, and she was now affronted because, on arrival at Claremont, she was not shown straight into Charlotte’s presence, as of old, but was obliged to wait with other guests to be received by their host and hostess together. Two days later, Prince Leopold wrote to tell the Regent that Charlotte had failed to persuade Miss Mercer to give her back, or to destroy, all her letters.*
* It is, for the biographer, a very great blessing that she did fail. Charlotte’s inimitable letters remained firmly in Mercer’s hands, were inherited by her daughter who married the Fourth Marquees of Lansdowne, and eventually reached the Lansdowne family archives at Bowood, where they are today.
[an extract from ‘Prinny’s Daughter: A Biography of Princess Charlotte of Wales’ by Thea Holme]
Posted in Marriage and Death (1814 - 1817)
Tagged amelia (emily) stewart viscountess castlereagh, caroline of brunswick queen of the united kingdom (princess of wales), charles joseph comte de flahaut, claremont, emily petty-fitzmaurice marchioness of lansdowne, frederica charlotte of prussia duchess of york and albany, frederick duke of york, george IV (prince of wales and prince regent), henry william paget 1st marquess of anglesey, lady charlotte bury, prince christopher henry von lieven, prince leopold of saxe-coburg-gotha (later king of the belgians), princess charlotte of wales, princess dorothea von lieven née benckendorff, prinny's daughter: a biography of princess charlotte of wales, robert stewart viscount castlereagh, the hon.margaret mercer elphinstone, thea holme
But Charlotte did not forget her beloved Margaret. ‘To show you how constantly you occupy my thoughts,’ she wrote two days later, ‘my last word was with [Princess] Lieven to intreat her to give you a faithful account, & to my maid just as I drove off to go & tell you how I looked & was …’
‘I promised you,’ she reminded Mercer, ‘I promised you to behave well … and everyone complimented me upon the composure & dignity of my manner, & the audible way in which I answered the responses.’ It was observed that Prince Leopold, on the other hand, ‘was not heard so distinctly, and exhibited rather more than common diffidence’.
It was also observed that the wedding ring, chosen by Charlotte, was ‘stronger and larger than those usually worn’. Twenty-nine years afterwards, Leopold told Queen Victoria that Charlotte ‘was particularly determined to be a good and obedient wife’, and this would perhaps account for Huish’s impression of her going through the ceremony ‘with a chastened joy’.
The service, conducted by the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of London, lasted exactly twenty-five minutes, and after all was over and healths drunk, Charlotte embraced her father, shook hands with her uncles York, Clarence and Kent (the other three were not there), kissed the Queen’s hand and her aunts’ tear-stained faces, and hurried away to change. Guns boomed from the Tower and St. James’s and as if by tacit agreement, the young couple did not appear again till they were ready to set out for their honeymoon. ‘The Princess did not take leave of the company, and avoided all compliments and congratulations by slipping down the private stairs from the state apartments to the ground floor.’ As she stepped into the new green travelling carriage, she must have looked captivating, in a white pelisse bordered with ermine, and a white satin hat, trimmed with blond lace and a nodding plume of ostrich feathers.
Leopold followed her, and, as the carriage was about to set off, the Queen, who had been all graciousness and kindness throughout the day, suddenly decided that it would be shocking for them to travel together at this late hour, unchaperoned, and ordered Charlotte’s lady, Mrs. Campbell, to join them. Mrs. Campbell, a determined Scotswoman, refused, and before anything more could be said, the coach, with Charlotte’s team of greys, ornamented with white favours, drove off at high speed, heading for Oatlands, near Weybridge, the Yorks’ country residence, which the Coburgs had been lent for their honeymoon. Charlotte was free.
[an extract from ‘Prinny’s Daughter: A Biography of Princess Charlotte of Wales’ by Thea Holme]
Picture: Charlotte’s wedding dress, picture by Royal Collection Trust
Posted in Marriage and Death (1814 - 1817)
Tagged augusta of the united kingdom, carlton house, charles manners-sutton archbishop of canterbury, charlotte of mecklenburg-strelitz (queen of the united kingdom), edward duke of kent, elizabeth of the united kingdom(landgravine of hesse-homburg), frederica charlotte of prussia duchess of york and albany, frederick duke of york, george IV (prince of wales and prince regent), mary duchess of gloucester and edinburgh, mrs alicia campbell, oatlands, prince leopold of saxe-coburg-gotha (later king of the belgians), princess charlotte of wales, princess dorothea von lieven née benckendorff, prinny's daughter: a biography of princess charlotte of wales, sophia of the united kingdom, the hon.margaret mercer elphinstone, thea holme, william howley bishop of london, william IV king of the united kingdom (duke of clarence)
Just before nine o’clock, Charlotte came out of Buckingham House, climbed into an open carriage and drove the short distance down the Mall with the Queen sitting beside her and her aunts Augusta and Elizabeth sitting opposite. ‘Bless me, what a crowd’, she said. She had seen the crowds that came to see the Tsar or the opening of Parliament, but she had never seen anything like the mass that had come to watch the wedding of their future Queen.
One of the guests waiting at Carlton House was Admiral Lord Keith, who was there in his official capacity as Deputy Earl Marshal. But he was not accompanied by his daughter. Before leaving Buckingham House, Charlotte sent one of her maids up to Harley Street to tell Mercer how she looked; and after the service she asked one of her guests, Princess Lieven, to do the same. But Mercer was not there to see for herself. It was said that she was not feeling well – and it may have been true. There were five bridesmaids, and the uneven number left a gap and spoiled the symmetry of the bridal procession. Perhaps there were meant to be six.
The reports that Mercer received from the maid and the Princess are not difficult to imagine. Charlotte’s dress cost over £ 10, 000. It was a white and silver slip, covered with transparent silk net embroidered in silver lame with shells and flowers. The sleeves were trimmed with Brussels lace, and the train, which was six feet long, wad made of the same material as the slip and fastened like a cloak with a diamond clasp. She wore a wreath of diamond leaves and roses, a diamond necklace and diamond earrings, both of which had been given to her by her father, and a diamond bracelet that had been given to her by Leopold.
Leopold also wore diamonds. He was dressed for the first time in his scarlet British uniform and he carried a jewel-encrusted sword that had been given to him by the Queen. Not to be outdone, the Prince Regent was dressed in the uniform of a field marshal smothered in the badges of all the honours and orders that he had had the gall to give himself.
The ceremony was short and dignified – except for Charlotte’s slight giggle when Leopold promised to endow her with all his wordly goods. When it was over, Charlotte and Leopold stayed only long enough for the guests to drink their health. Then they left to change. Church bells pealed. Bonfires were lit. Field guns cracked their salute in St James’s Park, and far down river the cannons at the Tower of London boomed.
[an extract from ‘Charlotte&Leopold’ by James Chambers]
Picture: NPG D16053, ‘Marriage of the Princess Charlotte of Wales to Prince Leopold of Saxe-Cobourg, in the Crimson Saloon, at Carleton House, May 2 1816; after Robert Hicks; Nuttall, Fisher & Dixon; William Marshall Craig,print,published April 1818
Posted in Marriage and Death (1814 - 1817)
Tagged alexander I tsar of russia, augusta of the united kingdom daughter of george III, buckingham house (palace), carlton house, charlotte of mecklenburg-strelitz (queen of the united kingdom), charlotte&leopold, elizabeth of the united kingdom(landgravine of hesse-homburg), george IV (prince of wales and prince regent), george keith elphinstone 1st viscount keith, james chambers, prince leopold of saxe-coburg-gotha (later king of the belgians), princess charlotte of wales, princess dorothea von lieven née benckendorff, the hon.margaret mercer elphinstone
When all the sovereigns, princes, statesmen and commanders were received at court, the only members of the royal family who were – conspicuously – absent were the Princes of Wales and her daughter Princess Charlotte. Realising that this was a slight, the Tsar and his sister decided to go up to Connaught House and call on the Princess of Wales. But they were dissuaded by their Ambassador, who threatened to resign if they did – his wife was having an affair with Earl Grey at the time, and as a result he knew rather more than most people about the real nature of the Princess of Wales.
The Tsar and his sister did have a chance to see the Princess of Wales, however. It was on the evening when all the royal guests went to the opera. The Prince Regent sat in the royal box with the Tsar of Russia, the King of Prussia and the Grand Duchess Catherine, and the other princes sat in the boxes on their left. As they entered to the strains of the national anthem, they saw that the Princess of Wales was standing in the box opposite.
When the anthem was over, some of the young men in the stalls encouraged the audience to applaud the Princess of Wales. Her lady-in-waiting, Lady Charlotte Campbell, suggested that she should rise and acknowledge the applause with a curtsey.
‘My dear’, said the Princess, ‘Punch’s wife is nobody when Punch is present.’
She was sure that her husband would think that the applause was for him. And sure enough she was right. The Prince Regent stood up and bowed to the audience in acknowledgement.
At the end of the performance, the audience stood and applauded again as the Prince Regent and other sovereigns left. But they were applauding his guests, not him. When they had all gone, the audience turned and directed much warmer applause to the box where the Princess of Wales was still standing. This time she acknowledged it with three smiling curtsies.
A few days later, however, at a breakfast party near Woolwich, she was seen sitting under a tree in the garden with a pot of strong beer on her knee. By the end of the party she was in a mood to be merry. She ordered all the doors in the house to be opened, grabbed a partner and set off at a gallop, calling to the other guests to follow her in flat-out procession through every room.
It was not regarded as seemly conduct for a member of the royal family. Some of the gentlemen present had been among those who led the applause at the opera. After seeing their reaction to the latest spectacle, one of the ladies, the Hon. Amelia Murray, reported that, in her opinion, they would not be so anxious to clap the Princess again.
[an extract from ‘Charlotte&Leopold’ by James Chambers]
Picture: Caroline, Princess of Wales by Sir Thomas Lawrence, 1798, Victoria and Albert Museum
(c) Paintings Collection; Supplied by The Public Catalogue Foundation
Posted in Adulthood (1811-1814)
Tagged alexander I tsar of russia, caroline of brunswick queen of the united kingdom (princess of wales), charles grey 2nd earl grey, charlotte&leopold, connaught house, frederick william III king of prussia, george IV (prince of wales and prince regent), grand duchess catherine pavlovna duchess of oldenburg and queen of württemberg, hon.amelia murray, james chambers, lady charlotte campbell, prince christopher henry von lieven, princess charlotte of wales, princess dorothea von lieven née benckendorff
As soon as they were rid of Napoleon, all the European sovereigns were planning to come to England to celebrate their victory, and as a vanguard, or perhaps a reconnaissance, the Tsar’s favourite sister, the Grand Duchess Catherine, arrived while Napoleon was still at large.
The clever and cultured Grand Duchess Catherine was dark and dignified with slavonic, slightly Mongolian features. At the age of twenty-five she was already a widow. After nursing her husband, Prince George of Oldenberg, through his long, fatal illness, she went to neighbouring Holland, where she met Charlotte’s uncle William, the Duke of Clarence, who was there on a goodwill visit, and who was soon besotted with her.
(…) When the Grand Duchess arrived in London, the Prince Regent went round to the hotel to welcome her. But he went much too early. She was still changing to receive him when a footman came to announce his arrival. The meeting was more embarrassing than cordial.
That evening, when she dined at Carlton House, the Grand Duchess confirmed the opinion that she had formed earlier. She did not like the Prince Regent. But she liked very much his daughter, who was also present. In a letter to her brother the Tsar she described Charlotte as ‘the most interesting member of the family… She is blonde, has a handsome nose, a delicious mouth and fine teeth…She is full of spirit and positive in character. She seems to have an iron will in the smallest things…’ But ‘her manners’, wrote the Grand Duchess, ‘are so extraordinary that they take one’s breath away… She walks up to any man, young or old, especially to the older men, takes them by the hand, and shakes it with all her strength… She looks like a boy, or rather a ragamuffin. I really am telling you nothing but the strictest truth. She is ravishing, and it is a crime to have allowed her to acquire such habits.’
After that dinner the Grand Duchess Catherine and Princess Charlotte visited each other often at the Pulteney Hotel and Warwick House – so often in fact that the Prince Regent sent Sir Henry Halford to Warwick House with an order for Miss Knight. She was to do all that she could to reduce the frequency of these meetings. It was an order that Miss Knight had neither the power nor the will to obey. She could cut down on Charlotte’s visits to the Pulteney Hotel, but she could do nothing to prevent the Grand Duchess from coming round to Warwick House – which was fortunate. Since the Regent was preventing his daughter from appearing anywhere in society other than at Carlton House, these visits were almost the only occasions on which the Princess and the Grand Duchess were able to meet.
One evening at the dinner party given by Lord and Lady Liverpool, the Prince Regent sat with the Grand Duchess Catherine on his right and the Princess Lieven, wife of the Russian Ambassador, on his left. In the course of dinner the Grand Duchess turned to him.
‘Why, your Royal Highness, do you keep your daughter under lock and key?’ she asked. ‘Why does she appear nowhere?’
‘My daughter is too young, Madame, to appear in society’, said the Prince.
‘She is not too young for you to have chosen her a husband.’
The Prince was clearly uncomfortable. ‘She will not be married for another two years’, he said.
‘When she is married’, said the Grand Duchess, ‘I hope she will know how to make up for her present imprisonment.’
The Prince snapped back at her. ‘When she is married, Madame, she will do her husband’s will, just as at present she is doing mine.’
The Grand Duchess smiled and spoke very sweetly. ‘Ah, yes. Your Royal Highness is right. Between husband and wife there can only be one will.’
So far the conversation had been conducted in French. But now the Prince turned to the Princess Lieven and spoke in English, in rage, and loudly enough for everyone at the table to hear him.
‘This is intolerable!’
The Grand Duchess Catherine and Charlotte continued to meet, and the Grand Duchess was always as blunt with Charlotte as she had been with her father. She told her that she thought the Prince Regent was ‘a voluptuary’. And as for the Duke of Clarence, he was positively ‘vulgar’. While they were in Holland he had actually been so presumptuous as to propose to her.
It was at one of these meetings, on 5 April, that Lord Bathurst called to inform Princess Charlotte that the allies had entered Paris. Four days later news came that Napoleon had abdicated.
[an extract from ‘Charlotte&Leopold’ by James Chambers]
Picture: Ekaterina Pavlovna of Russia by anonymous (19 c., Hermitage)
Posted in Adulthood (1811-1814)
Tagged alexander I tsar of russia, carlton house, charlotte&leopold, george IV (prince of wales and prince regent), grand duchess catherine pavlovna duchess of oldenburg and queen of württemberg, james chambers, louisa theodosia hervey countess of liverpool, miss cornelia knight, napoleon bonaparte the emperor of the french, prince george of oldenberg, princess charlotte of wales, princess dorothea von lieven née benckendorff, robert banks jenkinson 2nd earl of liverpool, sir henry halford, the napoleonic wars, the pulteney hotel, warwick house, william bathurst 5th earl bathurst, william IV king of the united kingdom (duke of clarence)